Featured here are just a few of an extensive list of vine projects, including SeaWorld Discovery Cove and the San Diego Zoo Reptile House. Simulated vines were hand sculpted with a two-part urethane rubber that I hand mixed and finished using texture pads I created from real bark and other organic surfaces to replicate the natural habitat of each species or desired environment. The interior armature varied depending upon the species—with copper wire for birds and aircraft cable for primates, as examples. Combinations of wire and nylon rope were used in the case of aesthetic-only vines. Each was hand painted using layered colors and varied techniques to achieve a natural and lifelike result. By the conclusion of my decade of fabricating vines, I had hand sculpted over three miles of them for zoos and themed projects across the country.